Search result: Catalogue data in Autumn Semester 2024

Environmental Engineering Bachelor Information
Bachelor Studies (Programme Regulations 2022)
First Year Compulsory Courses
First Year Examinations
First Year Examination Block A
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
401-0141-00LLinear Algebra Restricted registration - show details O5 credits4V + 1UM. Akka Ginosar, R. Prohaska
AbstractIntroduction to Linear Algebra
Learning objectiveBasic knowledge of linear algebra as a tool for solving engineering problems.
Understanding of abstract mathematical formulation of technical and scientific problems. Together with Analysis we develop the basic mathematical knowledge for an engineer.
ContentIntroduction and linear systems of equations, matrices, quadratic matrices, determinants and traces, general vector spaces, linear mappings, bases, diagonalization, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, orthogonal transformations, scalar-product, inner product spaces, Gram-Schmidt process.
Lecture notesThe lecturer will provide course notes.
LiteratureK. Nipp, D. Stoffer, Lineare Algebra, VdF Hochschulverlag ETH

G. Strang, Lineare Algebra, Springer

Larson, Ron. Elementary linear algebra. Nelson Education, 2016. (Englisch)
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Problem-solvingassessed
Personal CompetenciesCritical Thinkingfostered
252-0845-00LComputer Science I Information O5 credits2V + 2UM. Lüthi, A. Streich
AbstractThe course covers the basic concepts of computer programming.
Learning objectiveBasic understanding of programming concepts. Students will be able to write and read simple programs and to modify existing programs. In the course "Computer Science I", the competency of programming is taught, applied and examined. Furthermore modeling is taught and applied.
Contentvariables, types, control structures, functions, scoping, recursion, object-oriented programming. The programming language is Python.
Lecture notesThe slides and lecture notes will be made available for download on the course website.
LiteratureLearn to Code by Solving Problems
A Python Programming Primer
Daniel Zingaro

Python Crash Course
A Hands-On, Project-Based Introduction to Programming
Eric Matthes

Python for Data Analysis
Data wrangling with pandas, NumPy & Jupyter, 3rd Edition
Wes McKinney
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Problem-solvingassessed
Personal CompetenciesCreative Thinkingassessed
Critical Thinkingassessed
701-0243-01LBiology III: Essentials of EcologyO3 credits2VJ. Alexander
AbstractThis introductory lecture in ecology covers basic ecological concepts and the most important levels of complexity in ecological research. Ecological concepts are exemplified by using aquatic and terrestrial systems; corresponding methodological approaches are demonstrated. Threats to biodiversity and the appropriate management are discussed.
Learning objectiveThe objective of this lecture is to teach basic ecological concepts and the different levels of complexity in ecological research.
The students should learn ecological concepts at these different levels in the context of concrete examples from terrestrial and aquatic ecology. Corresponding methods for studying the systems will be presented.
A further aim of the lecture is that students achieve an understanding of biodiversity, why it is threatened and how it can be managed.
Content- Biodiversity: variation, threats and conservation
- Influence of environmental factors on organisms; adaptation to environmental conditions
- Population dynamics: causes, description, prediction and regulation
- Interactions between species (competition, coexistence, predation, parasitism, food webs)
- Ecological communities: structure, stability, succession
- Ecosystems: compartments, material and energy flows
Lecture notesDocuments, lecture slides, exercises and relevant literature are available in Moodle. The documents for the next lecture will be available on Friday morning at the latest.
LiteratureRequired reading: Begon, M.E., Howarth, R.W., Townsend, C.R. (2017): Ökologie. 3. Aufl. Springer Verlag, Berlin.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesfostered
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingfostered
Problem-solvingfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Sensitivity to Diversityfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityfostered
Creative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
151-0223-10LEngineering MechanicsO4 credits2V + 2U + 1KP. Tiso
AbstractIntroduction to engineering mechanics: kinematics, statics and dynamics of rigid bodies and systems of rigid bodies.
Learning objectiveBy learning the basics of kinematics, statics and dynamics, students should gain a basic understanding of the subject matter with which simple problems in engineering mechanics can be analyzed and solved. Based on this, further lectures, which require knowledge of mechanics, can be attended.
ContentBasic notions: position and velocity of particles, rigid bodies, planar motion, kinematics of rigid bodies, force, torque, power.
Statics: static equivalence, center of forces, centroid, principle of virtual power, equilibrium, constraints, analytical statics, friction.
Dynamics: acceleration, inertial forces, d'Alembert's Principle, Newton's Second Law, principles of linear and angular momentum, equations of planar motion of rigid bodies.
Lecture notesyes, in German
LiteratureM. B. Sayir, J. Dual, S. Kaufmann, E. Mazza: Ingenieurmechanik 1, Grundlagen und Statik. Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden, 2015.
M. B. Sayir, S. Kaufmann: Ingenieurmechanik 3, Dynamik. Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden, 2014.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Problem-solvingassessed
Social CompetenciesCooperation and Teamworkfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityfostered
Creative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingfostered
Integrity and Work Ethicsfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
First Year Examination Block B
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
401-0241-00LAnalysis IO7 credits4V + 2UM. Akveld, G.‑I. Ionita
AbstractMathematical tools for the engineer
Learning objectiveMathematics as a tool to solve engineering problems. Mathematical formulation of technical and scientific problems. Basic mathematical knowledge for engineers.
ContentComplex numbers.
Calculus for functions of one variable with applications.
Simple Mathematical models in engineering.
Lecture notesWird auf der Vorlesungshomepage zu Verfügung gestellt.
LiteratureKlaus Dürrschnabel, "Mathematik für Ingenieure - Eine Einführung mit Anwendungs- und Alltagsbeispielen", Springer; online verfügbar unter:
http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-8348-2559-9/page/1

Tilo Arens et al., "Mathematik", Springer; online verfügbar unter:
http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-642-44919-2/page/1

Meike Akveld und Rene Sperb, "Analysis 1", vdf;
http://vdf.ch/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=1706

Urs Stammbach, "Analysis I/II" (erhältlich im ETH Store);
https://people.math.ethz.ch/~stammb/analysisskript.html
529-2001-02LChemistry IO4 credits2V + 2UJ. Cvengros, J. E. E. Buschmann, P. Funck, R. Verel
AbstractGeneral Chemistry I: Chemical bond and molecular structure, chemical thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium.

In the course "Chemistry I", the competencies of process understanding, system understanding, modeling, concept development and data analysis & interpretation are taught, applied and examined.
Learning objectiveIntroduction to general and inorganic chemistry. Basics of the composition and the change of the material world. Introduction to the thermodynamically controlled physico-chemical processes. Macroscopic phenomena and their explanation through atomic and molecular properties. Using the theories to solve qualitatively and quantitatively chemical and ecologically relevant problems.
Content1. Stoichiometry
Amount of substance and mass. Composition of chemical compounds. Reaction equation. Ideal gas law.
2. Atoms
Elementary particles and atoms. Electron configuration of the elements. Periodic system.
3. Chemical bonding and its representation. Spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules. Molecular orbitals.
4. Basics of chemical thermodynamics
System and surroundings. Description of state and change of state of chemical systems.
5. First law of thermodynamics
Internal energy. Heat and Work. Enthalpy and reaction enthalpy.
6. Second law of thermodynamics
Entropy. Change of entropy in chemical systems and universe. Reaction entropy.
7. Gibbs energy and chemical potential.
Combination of laws of thermodynamics. Gibbs energy and chemical reactions. Activities of gases, condensed substances and species in solution. Equilibrium constant.
8. Chemical equilibrium
Law of mass action. Reaction quotient and equilibrium constant. Phase transition equilibrium.
9. Acids and bases
Properties of acids and bases. Dissociation of acids and bases. pH and the calculation of pH-values in acid-base systems. Acid-base diagrams. Buffers. Polyprotic acids and bases.
10. Dissolution and precipitation.
Heterogeneous equilibrium. Dissolution and solubility product. Carbon dioxide-carbonic acid-carbonate equilibrium.
Lecture notesOnline-Skript mit durchgerechneten Beispielen.
LiteratureCharles E. Mortimer, CHEMIE - DAS BASISWISSEN DER CHEMIE. 12. Auflage, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, 2015.

Weiterführende Literatur:
Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Bruce E. Bursten, CHEMIE. 10. Auflage, Pearson Studium, 2011. (deutsch)

Catherine Housecroft, Edwin Constable, CHEMISTRY: AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC, INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, 3. Auflage, Prentice Hall, 2005.(englisch)
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingassessed
Media and Digital Technologiesfostered
Problem-solvingassessed
Project Managementfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityfostered
Creative Thinkingassessed
Critical Thinkingassessed
Integrity and Work Ethicsfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
Additional First Year Courses
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
102-0004-00LIntroduction into Environmental Engineering Restricted registration - show details O3 credits2GP. Molnar, R. Boes, I. Hajnsek, S. Hellweg, J. P. Leitão Correia , M. Maurer, S. Pfister, J. Slomka, J. Wang
AbstractIn this course students are introduced to how environmental problems in the areas of water quantity and quality, waste production and recycling, air pollution control, are formulated and solved with engineering methods. The course makes a connection between the theoretical Bachelor foundation classes and practical topics of environmental engineering in six main thematic areas.
Learning objectiveAfter completing this course, the student will be able to:
- formulate key global environmental problems
- develop a systems perspective and solutions to the problems (critical thinking)
- identify and solve simple numerical problems in the domain areas
- understand why/how we use data/models in environmental engineering
- develop own interest in the domain areas and see career opportunities
ContentTopics of study:
0. Introduction – description of the Earth System, main stressors, global warming, introduction into the methods and goals of environmental engineering.
1. Water Science & Engineering – definition of the global water cycle and hydrological regimes, surface/subsurface flow equations (advection, diffusion), water resources management, climate change.
2. Resource Management & Recovery – waste management, recycling, resource recovery, lifecycle assessment, water and carbon footprints.
3. Urban Water Technology – water quality parameters, municipal water and wastewater treatment processes and technologies, urban water systems (infrastructure).
4. River and Hydraulic Engineering – utility hydraulic engineering (hydropower production), protective hydraulic engineering (flood protection), waters protection (river restoration, ecological measures at hydropower plants).
5. Air Quality – air quality parameters, main air pollutants, air quality in cities/indoor, emission control, the plume dispersion model.
6. Earth Observation – satellite observation of the Earth System from space, methods, environmental applications (glaciers, forest, land surface change)
Lecture notesCourse will take place in English and German (bilingual). The English textbook by Masters and Ela (see below) will be complemented by instructors materials to the individual thematic topics. Lecture presentations will be the main study material. There is no formal Script.
Literature- Masters, G.M., & Ela, W.P. (2014). Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science, Third Edition, Prentice Hall, 692 pp, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/ethz/reader.action?docID=5831826
- lecture presentations and selected papers
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingassessed
Media and Digital Technologiesfostered
Problem-solvingfostered
Project Managementfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Customer Orientationfostered
Leadership and Responsibilityfostered
Self-presentation and Social Influence fostered
Sensitivity to Diversityfostered
Personal CompetenciesCreative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection assessed
Second and Third Year Compulsory Courses
Examination Block 1
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
102-0293-00LHydrology Information O3 credits2GP. Burlando
AbstractThe course introduces the students to engineering hydrology. It covers first physical hydrology, that is the description and the measurement of hydrological processes (precipitation, interception, evapotranspiration, runoff, erosion, and snow), and it introduces then the basic mathematical models of the single processes and of the rainfall-runoff transformation, thereby including flood analysis.
Learning objectiveKnow the main features of engineering hydrology. Apply methods to estimate hydrological variables for dimensioning hydraulic structures and managing water ressources.
ContentThe hydrological cycle: global water resources, water balance, space and time scales of hydrological processes.

Precipitation: mechanisms of precipitation formation, precipitation measurements, variability of precipitation in space and time, precipitation regimes, point/basin precipitation, isohyetal method, Thiessen polygons, storm rainfall, design hyetograph.

Interception: measurement and estimation.

Evaporation and evapotranspiration: processes, measurement and estimation, potential and actual evapotranspiration, energy balance method, empirical methods.

Infiltration: measurement, Horton’s equation, empirical and conceptual models, phi-index and percentage method, SCS-CN method.

Surface runoff and subsurface flow: Hortonian and Dunnian surface runoff, streamflow measurement, streamflow regimes, annual hydrograph, flood hydrograph analysis – baseflow separation, flow duration curve.

Basin characteristics: morphology, topographic and phreatic divide, hypsometric curve, slope, drainage density.

Rainfall-runoff models (R-R): rationale, linear model of rainfall-runoff transformation, concept of the instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH), linear reservoir, Nash model.

Flood estimation methods: flood frequency analysis, deterministic methods, probabilistic methods (e.g. statistical regionalisation, indirect R-R methods for flood estimation, rational method).

Erosion and sediment transport: watershed scale erosion, soil erosion by water, estimation of surface erosion, sediment transport.

Snow (and ice) hydrology: snow characteristic variables and measurements, estimation of snowmelt processes by the energy budget equation and conceptual melt models (temperature index method and degree-day method), snowmelt runoff.
Lecture notesThe lecture notes as well as the lecture presentations and handouts may be downloaded from the website of the Chair of Hydrology and Water Resources Management.
LiteratureChow, V.T., Maidment, D.R. and Mays, L.W. (1988). Applied Hydrology, New York, McGraw-Hill.
Dingman, S.L. (2002). Physical Hydrology, 2nd ed., Upper Saddle River, N.J., Prentice Hall.
Dyck, S. und Peschke, G. (1995). Grundlagen der Hydrologie, 3. Aufl., Berlin, Verlag für Bauwesen.
Maidment, D.R. (1993). Handbook of Hydrology, New York, McGraw-Hill.
Maniak, U. (1997). Hydrologie und Wasserwirtschaft, eine Einführung für Ingenieure, Springer, Berlin.
Manning, J.C. (1997). Applied Principles of Hydrology, 3rd ed., Upper Saddle River, N.J., Prentice Hall.
Prerequisites / NoticeKnowledge of statistics is a prerequisite. The required theoretical background, which is needed for understanding part of the lectures and performing part of the assignments, may be summarised as follows:
Elementary data processing: hydrological measurements and data, data visualisation (graphical representation and numerical parameters).
Frequency analysis: hydrological data as random variables, return period, frequency factor, probability paper, probability distribution fitting, parametric and non-parametric tests, parameter estimation.
101-0203-01LHydraulics IO5 credits3V + 1UR. Stocker
AbstractThe course teaches the basics of hydromechanics, relevant for civil and environemental engineers.
Learning objectiveIn the course "Hydraulics I", the competency of process understanding is taught, applied and examined. Furthermore system understanding and measurement methods are taught.
ContentProperties of water, hydrostatics, stability of floating bodies, continuity, Euler equation of motion, Navier-Stokes equations, similarity, Bernoulli principle, momentum equation for finite volumes, potential flows, ideal fluids vs. real fluids, boundary layer, pipe flow, open channel flow, flow measurements, demonstration experiments in the lecture hall
Lecture notesScript and collection of previous problems
LiteratureBollrich, Technische Hydromechanik 1, Verlag Bauwesen, Berlin
102-0635-11LAir Quality TechnicsO3 credits2GJ. Wang
AbstractThe lecture provides different strategies and techniques for emission reduction and pollutant removal from exhaust air flows. The fundamental theories, practical designs and application scenarios of each technique are covered. The basic knowledge is deepened by the discussion of specific air pollution problems of today's society.
Learning objectiveThe students gain general knowledge of air pollution and study the methods used for air pollution control. The students know the different strategies of air pollution control and are familiar with their scientific fundamentals. The students can evaluate possible control methods and equipment, design control systems and estimate their efficiencies and costs. They are able to incorporate goals concerning air quality into their engineering work.
ContentThe reduction of the formation of pollutants is done by modifying the processes (process-integrated measures) and by different engineering operations for the cleaning of waste gas (downstream pollution control). It will be demonstrated, that the variety of these procedures can be traced back to the application of a few basic physical and chemical principles.

Procedures for the removal of particles (inertial separator, filtration, electrostatic precipitators, scrubbers) with their different mechanisms (field forces, impaction and diffusion processes) and the modelling of these mechanisms will be covered.

Procedures for the removal of gaseous pollutants and the description of the driving forces involved, as well as the equilibrium and the kinetics of the relevant processes (absorption, adsorption as well as thermal, catalytic and biological conversions) will be covered.

Discussion of the technical possibilities to solve the actual air pollution problems will be conducted.
Lecture notesJing Wang, Air pollution control technics
Lecture slides and exercises
LiteratureList of literature included in script
Reference book
Air Pollution Control Technology Handbook, Karl B. Schnelle, Jr. and Charles A. Brown, CRC Press LLC, 2001.
Prerequisites / NoticeCollege lectures on basic physics, chemistry and mathematics.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingassessed
Media and Digital Technologiesfostered
Problem-solvingassessed
Project Managementfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Customer Orientationfostered
Leadership and Responsibilityfostered
Self-presentation and Social Influence fostered
Sensitivity to Diversityfostered
Negotiationfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityassessed
Creative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingassessed
Integrity and Work Ethicsfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
Examination Block 2
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
752-4001-00LMicrobiology
Some parts of the lecture will be taught in English.
O2 credits2VM. Schuppler, M. Pilhofer, S. Robinson, G. Velicer
AbstractTeaching of basic knowledge in microbiology with main focus on Microbial Cell Structure and Function, Molecular Genetics, Microbial Growth, Metabolic Diversity, Phylogeny and Taxonomy, Prokaryotic Diversity, Human-Microbe Interactions, Biotechnology.
Learning objectiveTeaching of basic knowledge in microbiology.
ContentDer Schwerpunkt liegt auf den Themen: Bakterielle Zellbiologie, Molekulare Genetik, Wachstumsphysiologie, Biochemische Diversität, Phylogenie und Taxonomie, Prokaryotische Vielfalt, Interaktion zwischen Menschen und Mikroorganismen sowie Biotechnologie.
Lecture notesWird von den jeweiligen Dozenten ausgegeben.
LiteratureDie Behandlung der Themen erfolgt auf der Basis des Lehrbuchs Brock, Biology of Microorganisms
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
402-0023-01LPhysicsO7 credits5V + 2UJ. Faist
AbstractThis course gives an overview of important concepts in classical dynamics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, quantum physics, atomic physics, and special relativity. Emphasis is placed on demonstrating key phenomena using experiments, and in developing skills for quantitative problem solving.
Learning objectiveThe goal of this course is to make students able to explain and apply the basic principles and methodology of physics to problems of interest in modern science and engineering. An important component of this is learning how to solve new, complex problems by breaking them down into parts and applying simplifications. A secondary goal is to provide to students an overview of important subjects in both classical and modern physics.
ContentElectrodynamics, Thermodynamics, Quantum physics, Waves and Oscillations, special relativity
Lecture notesLecture notes and exercise sheets will be distributed via Moodle
LiteratureP.A. Tipler and G. Mosca, Physics for scientists and engineers, W.H. Freeman and Company, New York
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingfostered
Media and Digital Technologiesfostered
Problem-solvingassessed
Project Managementfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Customer Orientationfostered
Leadership and Responsibilityfostered
Self-presentation and Social Influence fostered
Sensitivity to Diversityfostered
Negotiationfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityfostered
Creative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingfostered
Integrity and Work Ethicsfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management assessed
103-0233-10LFundamentals of GISO6 credits5GM. Raubal
AbstractFundamentals of geographic information systems: spatial data modeling; metrics & topology; vector, raster and network data; thematic data; spatial statistics; system architectures; data quality; spatial queries and analysis; geovisualisation; spatial databases; labs with GIS software
Learning objectiveKnowing theoretical aspects of geographic information regarding data acquisition, representation, analysis and visualisation.
Knowing the fundamentals of geoinformation technologies for the realization, application and operation of geographic information systems in engineering projects.
Content- Einführung GIS & GIScience
- Konzeptionelles Modell & Datenschema
- Vektorgeometrie & Topologie
- Rastergeometrie und -algebra
- Netzwerke
- Thematische Daten
- Räumliche Statistik
- Systemarchitekturen & Interoperabilität
- Datenqualität, Unsicherheiten & Metadaten
- Räumliche Abfragen und Analysen
- Präsentation raumbezogener Daten
- Geodatenbanken
Lecture notesVorlesungspräsentationen werden digital zur Verfügung gestellt.
LiteratureBill, R. (2023). Grundlagen der Geo-Informationssysteme (7. Auflage): Wichmann.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingassessed
Media and Digital Technologiesassessed
Problem-solvingassessed
Social CompetenciesSelf-presentation and Social Influence fostered
Personal CompetenciesCreative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingfostered
Integrity and Work Ethicsfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
Examination Block 3
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
102-0675-00LEarth ObservationO4 credits3GI. Hajnsek
AbstractThe aim of the course is to provide the fundamental knowledge about earth observation sensors, techniques and methods for bio/geophysical environmental parameter estimation.
Learning objectiveThe aim of the course is to provide the fundamental knowledge about earth observation sensors, techniques and methods for bio/geophysical environmental parameter estimation. Students should know at the end of the course:
1. Basics of measurement principle
2. Fundamentals of image acquisition
3. Basics of the sensor-specific geometries
4. Sensor-specific determination of environmental parameters
ContentDie Lehrveranstaltung gibt einen Einblick in die heutige Erdbeoachtung mit dem follgenden skizzierten Inhalt:
1. Einführung in die Fernerkundung von Luft- und Weltraum gestützen Systemen
2. Einführung in das Elektromagnetische Spektrum
3. Einführung in optische Systeme (optisch und hyperspektral)
4. Einführung in Mikrowellen-Technik (aktiv und passiv)
5. Einführung in atmosphärische Systeme (meteo und chemisch)
6. Einführung in die Techniken und Methoden zur Bestimmung von Umweltparametern
7. Einführung in die Anwendungen zur Bestimmung von Umweltparametern in der Hydrologie, Glaziologie, Forst und Landwirtschaft, Geologie und Topographie
Lecture notesFolien zu jeden Vorlesungsblock werden zur Verfügung gestellt.
LiteratureAusgewählte Literatur wird am Anfang der Vorlesung vorgestellt.
Examination Block 3
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
101-0031-10LSystems EngineeringO3 credits2GB. T. Adey
Abstract• Systems Engineering is a way of thinking that helps engineer sustainable systems, i.e., ones that meet the needs of stakeholders in the short, medium and long term.
• This course provides an overview of the main principles of Systems Engineering, and includes an introduction to the use of operations research methods in the determination of optimal systems.
Learning objectiveThe world’s growing population, changing demographics, and changing climate pose formidable challenges to humanity’s ability to live sustainably. Ensuring that humanity can live sustainably requires accommodating Earth’s growing and changing population through the provision and operation of a sustainable and resilient built environment. This requires ensuring excellent decision-making as to how the built environment is constructed and modified.

The objective of this course is to ensure the best possible decision making when engineering sustainable systems, i.e., ones that meet the needs of stakeholders in the short, medium and long term. In this course, you will learn the main principles of Systems Engineering that can help you from the first idea that a system may not meet expectations, to the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of possible system modifications. Additionally, the course includes an introduction to the use of operations research methods in the determination of optimal solutions in complex systems.

More specifically upon completion of the course, you will have gained insight into:
• how to structure the large amount of information that is often associated with attempting to modify complex systems
• how to set goals and define constraints in the engineering of complex systems
• how to generate possible solutions to complex problems in ways that limit exceedingly narrow thinking
• how to compare multiple possible solutions over time with differences in the temporal distribution of costs and benefits and uncertainty as to what might happen in the future
• how to assess values of benefits to stakeholders that are not in monetary units
• how to assess whether it is worth obtaining more information in determining optimal solution
• how to take a step back from the numbers and qualitatively evaluate the possible solutions in light of the bigger picture
• the basics of operations research and how it can be used to determine optimal solutions to complex problems, including linear, integer and network programming, dealing with multiple objectives and conducting sensitivity analyses.
ContentThe lectures are structured as follows:

1. Introduction – An introduction to System Engineering, a way of thinking that helps to engineer sustainable systems, i.e. ones that meet the needs of stakeholders in the short, medium and long terms. A high-level overview of the main principles of System Engineering. The expectations of your efforts throughout the semester.
2. Situation analysis – How to structure the large amount of information that is often associated with attempting to modify complex systems.
3. Goals and constraints – How to set goals and constraints to identify the best solutions as clearly as possible.
4. Generation of possible solutions – How to generate possible solutions to problems, considering multiple stakeholders.
5. The principles of net-benefit maximization and a series of methods that range from qualitative and approximate to quantitative and exact, including pairwise comparison, elimination, weighting, and expected value.
6. The idea behind the supply and demand curves and revealed preference methods.
7. The concept of equivalence, including the time value of money, interest, life times and terminal values.
8. The relationship between net-benefit and the benefit-cost ratio. How incremental cost benefit analysis can be used to determine the maximum net benefit. Internal rates of return.
9. How to consider multiple possible futures and use simple rules to help pick optimal solutions and to determine the value of more information.
10. Once quantitative analysis is used it becomes possible to use operations research methods to analyse large numbers of possible solutions. Linear programming and the simplex method.
11. How sensitivity analysis is conducted using linear programming.
12. How to use operations research to solve problems that consist of discrete values, as well as how to exploit the structure of networks to find optimal solutions to network problems.
13. How to set up and solve problems when there are multiple objectives.

The course uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Lecture notes• The lecture materials consist of a script, the slides, example calculations in Excel, Moodle quizzes, and excercises.
• The lecture materials will be distributed via Moodle before each lecture.
LiteratureAppropriate literature in addition to the lecture materials will be handed out when required via Moodle.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingassessed
Media and Digital Technologiesfostered
Problem-solvingassessed
Project Managementfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Customer Orientationfostered
Leadership and Responsibilityfostered
Self-presentation and Social Influence fostered
Sensitivity to Diversityfostered
Negotiationfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityfostered
Creative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingassessed
Integrity and Work Ethicsfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
851-0723-10LEnvironmental Law Restricted registration - show details O4 credits3VM. Pflüger, A. Gossweiler, C. Jäger
AbstractThis class introduces students to the fundamentals of legal systems, focusing on environmental law. It covers the fundamentals of constitutional and administrative law, as opposed to private and criminal law. The class will focus on concepts, terminology and procedures of Swiss environmental law, supplemented through case studies.
Learning objectiveStudents learn fundamental structures of the legal system, understand core concepts and selected problems of public law, focusing on Swiss and European environmental law. These insights can be applied in further law courses, in particular in the course "Environmental law: Areas and Case Studies."
ContentDie Vorlesung vermittelt eine kurze allgemeine Einführung in das Recht, insbesondere in die Grundlagen des öffentlichen Rechts, und ordnet das Umweltrecht in die schweizerischen Rechtsordnung ein. Die Studierenden lernen die grundlegenden Schritte der Rechtsanwendung bzw. eines Verwaltungsverfahrens und deren Einbettung in den umweltrechtlichen Kontext kennen. Die Vorlesung behandelt sodann die Ziele, Prinzipien und Grundsätze des Umweltrechts und beleuchtet die umweltrechtlichen Instrumente und Handlungsformen. Die Studierenden erhalten Einblicke in verschiedene umweltrechtliche Spezialthemen. Ein Überblick über das dem Umweltrecht nahestehende und mit ihm verzahnte Bau- und Planungsrecht rundet die Vorlesung thematisch ab. Der Vorlesungsstoff wird anhand von Fallbeispielen vermittelt, deren Diskussion Gelegenheit zur aktiven Mitarbeit der Studierenden bietet. Vereinzelte Gastvorträge bieten wertvolle Praxiseinblicke.
Lecture notesChristoph Jäger/Andreas Bühler, Schweizerisches Umweltrecht, Bern 2016
LiteratureWeitere Literaturangaben folgen in der Vorlesung
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesfostered
Techniques and Technologiesfostered
Laboratory Course in Environmental Engineering
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
102-0527-10LEnvironmental Laboratory I Restricted registration - show details O4 credits4PD. Braun, L. Biolley, M. Vogt, L. von Känel
AbstractA practical introduction to important measurement methods for environmental engineers. Results of the measurements are compared to models and deviations are quantified with statistical methods.
Learning objectiveThe laboratory offers students an insight into various experimental methods relevant to environmental engineering. The students deal with problems of measurement technology and measurement uncertainty, learn to characterize systems and to compare and discuss the results of the measurements with simple models. The work is documented with scientific reports or presented in presentations.
ContentEs werden Experimente zu den folgenden Themen durchgeführt:
- Verweilzeit in einer Rührkesselkaskade
- Hydrodynamische Versuche
- Photometrische Bestimmungen von Inhaltsstoffen
- Carbonatgleichgewicht
- Gasgleichgewichte

Die folgenden analytischen Methoden werden dabei eingesetzt:
- UV/VIS-Spektroskopie
- Leitfähigkeitsmessungen
- pH
- Druckmessungen
Lecture notesWird abgegeben
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingfostered
Media and Digital Technologiesassessed
Problem-solvingassessed
Project Managementfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationassessed
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityfostered
Creative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingfostered
Integrity and Work Ethicsfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
Additional Compulsory Courses
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
102-0515-01LEnvironmental Engineering Seminars Information Restricted registration - show details O3 credits3SS. Sinclair, P. Burlando, I. Hajnsek, S. Hellweg, M. Maurer, P. Molnar, E. Morgenroth, C. Oberschelp, S. Pfister, E. Secchi, R. Stocker, J. Wang
AbstractThe course is organized in the form of seminars held by the students. Topics selected from the core disciplines of the curriculum (water resources, urban water engineering, material fluxes, waste technology, air polution, earth observation) are discussed in the class on the basis of scientific papers that are illustrated and critically reviewed by the students.
Learning objectiveLearn about recent research results in environmental engineering and analyse practical applications in environmental engineering.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesfostered
Method-specific CompetenciesMedia and Digital Technologiesfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Customer Orientationfostered
Self-presentation and Social Influence fostered
Personal CompetenciesCreative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Subject-Specific Electives
River and Hydraulic Engineering
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
101-1249-00LHydraulics of Engineering StructuresW3 credits2GI. Albayrak, F. Evers
AbstractHydraulic fundamentals are applied to hydraulic structures for wastewater, flood protection and hydropower. Typical case studies from engineering practice are further described.
Learning objectiveUnderstanding and quantification of fundamental hydraulic processes with particular focus on hydraulic structures for wastewater, flood protection and hydropower.

In the course "Hydraulics of Engineering Structures", the competencies of process understanding, system understanding and measurement methods are taught, applied and examined. The competencies modeling, concept development and data analysis & interpretation are taught and data analysis & interpretation is applied in addition.
Content1. Introduction & Basic equations
2. Losses in flow & Maximum discharge
3. Uniform flow & Critical flow
4. Hydraulic jump & Stilling basin
5. Backwater curves
6. Weirs & End overfall
7. Sideweir & Side channel
8. Bottom opening, Venturi & Culverts, Restrictors, Inverted siphons
9. Fall manholes & Vortex drop
10. Supercritical flow & Special manholes
11. Aerated flows & Low level outlets
12. Hydraulics of sediment bypass tunnels
13. Vegetated flows - Introduction & Application
14. Summary
Lecture notesText books

Hager, W.H. (2010). Wastewater hydraulics. Springer: New York.
LiteratureExhaustive references are contained in the suggested text book.
101-0113-10LTheory of Structures (for Environmental Engineering) Information Restricted registration - show details W3 credits2.5GB. Sudret
AbstractIntroduction to structural mechanics, statically determinate beams and frame structures, trusses. Stresses in statically determinate structures.
Learning objective- Understanding the response of elastic beam and frame structures
- Ability to correctly apply the equilibrium conditions
- Understanding the basics of continuum mechanics
- Computation of stresses in elastic structures

In the course "Theory of Structures (for Environmental Engineering)", the competencies of process understanding, system understanding and modeling are taught and applied. The competence process understanding and system understanding are examined, too.
Content- Equilibrium, reactions, static determinacy
- Internal forces (normal and shear forces, moments)
- Arches and cables
- Elastic trusses
- Influence lines
- Basics of continuum mechanics
- Stresses in elastic beams
Lecture notesBruno Sudret, "Einführung in die Baustatik", 2021
Available on Moodle with exercises.
LiteratureB. Sudret, Baustatik - eine Einführung, 2022, Springer Vieweg.
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-658-35255-4
Sustainable Urban Space
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
102-0215-00LUrban Water Management II Information W4 credits2GP. Staufer
AbstractWelche Methoden stehen uns in der Siedlungsentwässerung zu Verfügung, um angesichts neuer Chemikalien und des Klimawandels auch in Zukunft für lebendige Gewässer zu sorgen? Dieser Frage soll mithilfe von Vorlesungen, Übungen und der Modellierung von relitätsnahen Aufgabestellungen aus "Generellen Entwässerungsplänen (GEP)" nachgegangen werden.
Learning objectiveVertiefung der Grundlagen für die Dimensionierung anspruchsvoller Bauwerke mithilfe der numerischen Simulation und Darstellung der Ergebnisse für Zielgruppen in der schweizerischen Wasserwirtschaft.
ContentGenerelle Entwässerungsplanung (GEP)
- Siedlungshydrologie: Niederschlag, Abflussbildung
- Stofftransport in der Kanalisation
- Emissions- und Immissionsbetrachtungen, Einleitbedingungen
- Versickerung von Regenwasser
- Blau-grüne Infrastrukturen (BGI)
Lecture notesDie schriftlichen Unterlagen stehen digital zur Verfügung.
Prerequisites / NoticeAls Voraussetzung wird der Besuch der Lernveranstaltung "Siedlungswasserwirtschaft GZ" empfohlen.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingassessed
Media and Digital Technologiesfostered
Problem-solvingassessed
Project Managementfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationassessed
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Customer Orientationfostered
Personal CompetenciesCreative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingassessed
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
103-0313-00LBasics of Spatial Planning and Landscape Development Information W5 credits4GG. Debrunner, S. Hauller, D. Jerjen
AbstractThe lecture introduces the main-features of Swiss spatial planning. Core subjects are e.g., spatial planning as a federal responsibility, spatial planning instruments (federal, cantonal, municipal), as well as systematic problem solving techniques and methodologies of spatial planning. The lecture is complemented with in-depth topics and comparative international examples.
Learning objectiveDie Studierenden kennen die Grundzüge der Schweizer Raumplanung, ihre wichtigen Instrumente auf nationaler, kantonaler, regionaler und kommunaler Ebene und systematische Problemlösungsverfahren. Sie können das vermittelte theoretische Wissen direkt an konkreten, praxisorientierten Übungsaufgaben umsetzen.

- Grundzüge der Raumplanung und ihre wichtigsten Instrumente kennenlernen
- Erarbeiten der Fähigkeit, räumliche Probleme zu erkennen und Problemlösungsverfahren auf diese anzuwenden
- Planung und Landnutzungsmanagement als interaktiven und akteursbezogenen Prozess kennenlernen und anwenden
- Verstehen der mit Ressourcen und Boden verbundenen Potentiale, Nutzungen und Prozesse
- Das vermittelte theoretische Wissen direkt an konkreten, praxisorientierten Fallbeispielen umsetzen können
ContentDie Vorlesung deckt die Grundlagen der (Schweizerischen) Raumplanung und Landschaftsentwicklung ab:

- Was ist Raumplanung (Definitionen und Begriffe)
- Aktuelle Herausforderungen, Entwicklungen und Tendenzen der Raumplanung
- Grundprinzipien, historische Entwicklung und Gesetzgebungen der Schweizer Raumplanung
- Die Raumplanung als staatliche Aufgabe – Raumordnungspolitik auf Bundesebene
- Instrumente der Raumplanung auf nationaler, kantonaler, regionaler und kommunaler Ebene (u.a. Sachpläne und Konzepte, Richtplanung, Nutzungsplanung, Sondernutzungsplanung, Mehrwertausgleich)
- Problemlösungsverfahren in der Raumplanung – systemtechnisches Vorgehen
- Thematische Vertiefungen: Siedlungsentwicklung nach innen; Klimaangepasste Raumplanung; Grundeigentum und kooperative Planung; Raumbeobachtung

Der Schwerpunkt der Vorlesung liegt auf der Raumplanungspolitik des Bundes, der Kantone und der Gemeinden sowie auf den jeweiligen Ebenen eingesetzten Raumplanungsinstrumenten. Das dabei vermittelte theoretische Wissen wird direkt an einer konkreten, praxisorientierten Übungsaufgabe – in direkter Zusammenarbeit mit einer Zürcher Agglomerationsgemeinde – umgesetzt. Im Rahmen der Übung wird das Projektgebiet während einer Exkursion besucht und eine Gebietsentwicklung im Bestand als Fallbeispiel behandelt.
Lecture notesSkript und einzelne Dokumente werden ausgegeben. Unterlagen zur Vorlesung werden auf der SPUR-Kursseite und/oder auf Moodle direkt zur Verfügung gestellt.
Literature•Lendi, M. 2006. Zur Geschichte der schweizerischen Raumplanung, disP – The Planning Review, 42:167, 66-83, DOI: 10.1080/02513625.2006.10556969
•Koll-Schretzenmayr, M. 2008. Gelungen–Misslungen? Die Geschichte der Raumplanung Schweiz. Zürich: Verlag Neue Zürcher Zeitung.
•Knoepfel, P., Larrue, C., Varone, F., & Veit, S. 2011. Politikanalyse. Stuttgart: UTB.
•Gerber, J.D.; Hartmann, T.; Hengstermann, A. 2018. Instruments of Land Policy. Dealing with Scarcity of Land, New York: Routledge.
•Schwick, C.; Jaeger, J.; Hersperger, A.; Cathomas, G.; Muggli, R. 2018. Zersiedlung messen und begrenzen – Massnahmen und Zielvorgaben für die Schweiz, ihre Kantone und Gemeinden. Zürich, Bristol-Stiftung; Bern, Haupt.
•Schneider, A.; Gilgen, A. 2021. Kommunale Raumplanung in der Schweiz, vdf Hochschulverlag AG, ETH Zürich.
•Debrunner, G.; Hengstermann, A. 2023. Vier Thesen zur effektiven Umsetzung der Innenentwicklung in der Schweiz, disP – The Planning Review, 59:1, 86-97, DOI: 10.1080/02513625.2023.2229632
•Debrunner, G. (2024): The Business of Densification. Governing Land for Social Sustainability in Housing. London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49014-9
•EspaceSuisse (2021): Lehrbuch Einführung in die Raumplanung, Bern.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesfostered
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingassessed
Media and Digital Technologiesfostered
Problem-solvingassessed
Project Managementfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Customer Orientationfostered
Leadership and Responsibilityfostered
Self-presentation and Social Influence fostered
Sensitivity to Diversityfostered
Negotiationfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityfostered
Creative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingfostered
Integrity and Work Ethicsfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
Environment and Water
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
651-3561-00LCryosphereW3 credits2VM. Huss, D. Farinotti, H. J. Horgan
AbstractThe course introduces the different components of the cryosphere - snow, glaciers, ice sheets, sea ice and lake ice, and permafrost - and their respective roles in the climate system. For each subsystem, essential physical aspects are emphasized, and their dynamics are described quantitatively and using examples.
Learning objectiveStudents are able to
- qualitatively explain relevant processes, feedbacks and relationships between the different components of the cryosphere,
- quantify and interpret physical processes, which determine the state of the cryospheric components, with simple calculations.

In the course "Cryosphere", the competencies of process understanding, modeling, data analysis & interpretation and measurement methods are taught, applied and examined. System understanding is taught and examined.
ContentThe course provides an introduction into the various components of the cryosphere: snow, glaciers, ice sheets, sea ice and lake ice, permafrost, and their roles in the climate system. Essential physical aspects are emphasized for each subsystem: e.g. the material properties of ice, mass balance and dynamics of glaciers, or the energy balance of sea ice.
Lecture notesHandouts will be distributed during the teaching semester
LiteratureBenn, D., & Evans, D. J. (2014). Glaciers and glaciation. Routledge.
Cuffey, K. M., & Paterson, W. S. B. (2010). The physics of glaciers. Academic Press.
Hooke, R. L. (2019). Principles of glacier mechanics. Cambridge University Press.

Further literature will be indicated during the lecture.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesfostered
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingfostered
Media and Digital Technologiesassessed
Problem-solvingassessed
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityfostered
Creative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingfostered
Integrity and Work Ethicsfostered
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
701-0479-00LEnvironmental Fluid Dynamics Information W3 credits2GH. Wernli, L. Papritz
AbstractThis course covers the basic physical concepts and mathematical equations used to describe environmental fluid systems on the rotating Earth. Fundamental concepts (e.g. vorticity dynamics and waves) are formally introduced, applied quantitatively and illustrated using examples. Exercises help to deepen knowledge of the material.
Learning objectiveStudents are able
- to name the basics, concepts and methods of environmental fluid dynamics.
- to understand and discuss the components of the basic physical equations
- to mathematically solve basic equations for simple problems of environmental fluid dynamics.
The competencies of process understanding and system understanding are taught, applied and examined.
ContentBasic physial terminology and mathematical laws:
Continuum hypothesis, forces, constitutive laws, state equations and basic principles of thermodynamics, kinematics, laws of mass and momentum on rotating earth.
Concepts and illustrative flow sytems: vorticity dynamics, boundary layers, instability, turbulence - with respect to environmental fluid systems.
Scale analysis: dimensionles variables and dynamical similarity, simplification of the fluid system, e.g. shallow water assumption, geostrophic flow.
Waves in environmental fluid systems.
Lecture notesIn english language
LiteratureWill be presnted in class.
See also: web-site.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Problem-solvingassessed
Personal CompetenciesCreative Thinkingassessed
Critical Thinkingassessed
701-0561-00LForest Ecology Information W3 credits2VH. Bugmann
AbstractThis course conveys the basics of forest ecology with an emphasis on trees as those organisms that dominate the physiognomy and the dynamics of forest ecosystems. Based on this course, students have a good grasp of the qualitative and quantitative importance of forest ecosystems at the global and regional scales, with a focus on central Europe.
Learning objectiveStudents are able to
- summarize the fundamentals of forest ecology at the autecological, demecological and synecological level
- explain how trees dominate the physiognomy and dynamics of forest ecosystems
- describe the qualitative and quantitative importance of forest ecosystems at the global and regional scales, with an emphasis on central Europe and Alpine region.

Overall, the competences of process understanding, system understanding, modeling, concept development and data analysis & interpretation are taught and examined in this course.
ContentIntroduction and overview of the forests of the world
Forest ecosystem ecology: Production ecology of forests
Autecology: light, temperature, wind, water, and nutrients
Demecology: regeneration ecology, forest growth, mortality
Synecology: fundamentals of trophic interactions (forest-ungulate interactions), succession
Lecture notesHandouts are available for download from https://fe.ethz.ch/studium/lehrmaterialien/bachelor/waldoekologie.html.
LiteratureKimmins, J.P., 2004. Forest Ecology. Third ed., Pearson-Prentice Hall
Prerequisites / NoticeThe contents of the following courses of the 2nd year of the USYS BSc are required:

Pedosphere, Hydrosphere, Fundamentals of biology and ecology, Introduction to dendrology (knowledge of European tree species).
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Personal CompetenciesCreative Thinkingassessed
Critical Thinkingassessed
Climate and Air
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
701-0023-00LAtmosphere Information W3 credits2VE. Fischer, U. Lohmann
AbstractBasic principles of the atmosphere, physical structure and chemical composition, trace gases, atmospheric cycles, circulation, stability, radiation, condensation, clouds, oxidation capacity and ozone layer.
Learning objectiveStudents are able
- to explain the physical structure and chemical composition of the atmosphere
- to quantitatively describe and understand the fundamental physical and chemical process in the atmosphere
- to explain the interactions and feedbacks between atmosphere - ocean - land surface, troposphere - stratosphere and weather - climate.

In the course "Atmosphere", the competencies of process understanding, system understanding and data analysis & interpretation are taught, applied and examined.
ContentBasic principles of the atmosphere, physical structure and chemical composition, trace gases, atmospheric cycles, circulation, stability, radiation, condensation, clouds.
Lecture notesWritten information will be supplied.
Literature- Wallace, J. M., and Hobbs, P. V. Atmospheric science: an introductory survey. 2nd ed. Amsterdam; Boston, Elsevier Academic Press, 2006.
- Gösta H. Liljequist, Allgemeine Meteorologie, Vieweg, Braunschweig, 1974.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingfostered
Problem-solvingassessed
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Sensitivity to Diversityfostered
Personal CompetenciesCreative Thinkingfostered
Critical Thinkingfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
701-0475-00LAtmospheric Physics Information Restricted registration - show details W3 credits2GU. Lohmann
AbstractThis course covers the basics of atmospheric physics, which consist of: cloud and precipitation formation, especially prediction of showers and severe convective storms, and optical phenomena
Learning objectiveStudents are able
- to explain the mechanisms of convective storm formation using knowledge of thermodynamics and cloud microphysics.
- to interpret precipitation radar images
- to evaluate the significance of clouds and aerosol particles for artificial weather modification.

In the course "Atmospheric Physics", the competencies of process understanding, system understanding and data analysis & interpretation are taught, applied and examined. Measurement methods are taught as well.
ContentThe course starts with introducing selected concepts of thermodynamics for atmospheric processes: The students learn the concept of the thermodynamic equilibrium and derive the Clausius-Clayperon equation from the first law of thermodynamics. This equation is central for the phase transitions in clouds.

Students also learn to use thermodynamic charts (tephigrams) and to identify cloud base, cloud top, available convective energy in radiosonde ascents. Atmospheric mixing processes are introduced as a basis for fog formation. The concept of an air parcel is used to understand convection.

Aerosol particles are introduced in terms of their physical properties and their role in cloud formation based on Köhler theory. Thereafter cloud microphysical processes including ice nucleation are discussed.

With these basics, the different forms of precipitation (convective vs. stratiform) are discussed and how they can be identified in radar images. Students will also learn under which conditions severe convective storms (especially supercells with tornados) can form.

The concepts are applied to understand and judge the validity of different proposed artificial weather modification ideas.
Lecture notesPowerpoint slides and chapters from the textbook will be made available on moodle: https://moodle-app2.let.ethz.ch/course/view.php?id=22731
LiteratureLohmann, U., Lüönd, F. and Mahrt, F., An Introduction to Clouds:
From the Microscale to Climate, Cambridge Univ. Press, 391 pp., 2016.

An electronic version of this book can be obtained via the ETH library.

pdf-files of the revised book will be provided on moodle on a chapter-by-chapter basis.
Prerequisites / NoticeWe offer a lab tour, in which we demonstrate how some of the processes discussed in the lectures are measured with instruments.

There is a additional tutorial right after each lecture to give you the chance to ask further questions and discuss the exercises. The participation is recommended but voluntary.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesfostered
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Problem-solvingassessed
Social CompetenciesCommunicationassessed
Personal CompetenciesCritical Thinkingassessed
Self-direction and Self-management assessed
102-0535-00LNoise AbatementW5 credits4GJ. M. Wunderli
AbstractBasics of acoustics and hearing. Measurement of sound. Impact of noise (physiological, psychological, social, economic). Legislation (focus on Swiss noise abatement ordinance), spatial planning. Sound propagation outdoor and in buildings. Calculation models and measurement procedures. Traffic noise (roads, railways, airports), shooting noise, noise from industrial plants. Building acoustics.
Learning objectiveThe students will understand the basics of noise abatement: acoustics, impact of noise, meas-urement techniques and legislation. The students will be able to analyze different noise prob-lems and they will be able to solve simple problems of noise abatement.

In the course "Noise Abatement", the competencies of process understanding, modeling, data analysis & interpretation and measurement methods are taught, applied and examined. System understanding is taught and examined.
ContentPhysikalische Grundlagen: Schalldruck, Wellen, Quellenarten.
Akustische Messtechnik: Umgang mit Dezibel, Akustische Masse, Schallpegelmesser, Spektralanalyse.
Lärmwirkungen: Gehör, Gesundheitliche Wirkungen von Lärm, Störung/Belästigung, Belastungsmasse.
Gesetzliche Grundlagen der Lärmbekämpfung / Raumplanung: Lärmschutzverordnung/SIA 181. Zusammenhang mit der Raumplanung.
Schallausbreitung im Freien: Abstandsgesetze, Luftdämpfung, Bodeneffekt, Abschirmung, Reflexion, Streuung, Bebauung, Wettereinflüsse.
Kurze Einführung in die Bauakustik und in die einfachsten Grundlagen der Raumakustik.
Eigenschaften von Schallquellen: Akustische Beschreibung von Schallquellen, Lärmminderung an der Quelle.
Lärmarten und Prognoseverfahren: Messen/Berechnen, Strassenlärm, Eisenbahnlärm, Fluglärm, Schiesslärm, Industrielärm.
Lecture notesSkript "Lärmbekämpfung" als PDF ab Beginn der Vorlesung verfügbar.
Prerequisites / Notice1 - 2 Exkursionen
Climate and Soil
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
101-0339-00LEnvironmental Geotechnics – Polluted Sites and Waste DisposalW3 credits2GM. Plötze
AbstractThe practice of landfilling, remediation of polluted sites and the disposal of radioactive waste are based on the same concepts of environmental protection. Understanding the contaminants behaviour and how to reduce their release to the environment is the key to remediating polluted sites and designing multi-barrier systems.
Learning objectiveOn successful completion of this course students will be able to
- Assess the risk to the environment from landfills, contaminated sites and radioactive waste repositories in terms of the fate and transport of contaminants.
- Describe the technologies available to minimise environmental contamination
- Describe the principles of dealing with polluted sites and propose and evaluate appropriate remediation techniques
- Explain the concepts underlying radioactive waste management practices.
ContentThis lecture course consists of lectures with exercises and case studies.
- An overview of the principles of environmental protection in waste management and how this is applied in legislation.
- An overview of the chemistry underlying the release and transport of contaminants from the landfilled/contaminated material/radioactive waste repository focusing on processes controlling mobility of heavy metals and organic compounds
- Introduction to contaminant transport in porous adsorbing media
- Design and function of engineered barriers. Clay as a barrier.
- Polluted site remediation: Site investigation, assessment, and remediation technologies
- Concepts and safety in radioactive waste management
- Role of the geological and engineered barriers and radionuclide transport in geological media.
Prerequisites / Noticeexcursion
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingfostered
Problem-solvingassessed
Project Managementfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Customer Orientationfostered
Negotiationfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityfostered
Creative Thinkingassessed
Critical Thinkingassessed
Integrity and Work Ethicsfostered
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management fostered
701-0501-00LPedosphereW3 credits2VR. Kretzschmar
AbstractIntroduction to the formation and properties of soils as a function of parent rock, landscape position, climate, and soil organisms. Complex relationships between soil forming processes, physical and chemical soil properties, soil biota, and ecological soil properties are explained and illustrated by numerous examples.
Learning objectiveUnderstanding of soils as integral parts of ecosystems, development and distribution of soils as a function of environmental factors, and processes leading to soil degradation.

The course "Pedosphäre" teaches and examines the competences process understanding and systems understanding.
ContentDefinition of the pedosphere, soil functions, rocks as parent materials, minerals and weathering, soil organisms, soil organic matter, soil formation, principles of soil classification, global soil regions, physical soil properties and functions, chemical soil properties and functions, soil fertility, land use and soil degradation.
Lecture notesPolybook
Literature- Scheffer/Schachtschabel - Soil Science, Springer, Heidelberg, 2016.

- Brady N.C. and Weil, R.R. The Nature and Properties of Soils. 14th ed. Prentice Hall, 2007.
Prerequisites / NoticePrerequisites: Basic knowledge in chemistry, biology and geology.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Problem-solvingassessed
Personal CompetenciesCritical Thinkingfostered
701-0533-00LSoil and Water ChemistryW3 credits2GR. Kretzschmar, D. I. Christl, L. Winkel
AbstractThis course covers chemical and biogeochemical processes in soils and water and their influence on the behavior and cycling of nutrients and pollutants in terrestrial and aquatic systems. Approaches for quantitative modeling of the processes are introduced and applied in selected examples.
Learning objective1. Understanding of important chemical properties and processes of soils and water and their influence on the behavior (e.g., chemical speciation, bioavailability, mobility) of nutrients and pollutants.
2. Quantitative applications of chemical equilibria to processes in natural systems.

The course "Soil and Water Chemistry" teaches, applies and examines the competences process understanding, systems understanding, and modelling.
ContentChemical equilibria in aqueous solutions, gas equilibria, precipitation and dissolution of mineral phases, silicate weathering, weathering kinetics, formation of secondary minerals (clay minerals, oxides, sulfides), redox processes in natural systems, pH buffering and acidification, salinity and salinization, environmental behavior of selected essential and toxic trace elements.
Lecture notesLecture slides on Moodle
Literature–Chapters 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 11 in Sigg/Stumm – Aquatische Chemie, 6. Auflage, vdf, 2016.
–Chapter 2 and 5 in Scheffer/Schachtschabel – Lehrbuch der Bodenkunde, 17. Auflage, Springer Spektrum, 2018 (or English edition).
–Selected Chapters in: Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment, 2005.
Prerequisites / NoticeThe lecture courses Pedosphere and Hydrosphere are highly recommended.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Problem-solvingassessed
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Personal CompetenciesCritical Thinkingfostered
Renewable Energies
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
151-1633-00LEnergy Conversion
This course is intended for students outside of D-MAVT.
W4 credits3GG. Sansavini, S. A. Hosseini, I. Karlin
AbstractThis course provides the students with an introduction to thermodynamics and energy conversion. Students shall gain basic understanding of energy and energy interactions as well as their link to energy conversion technologies.
Learning objectiveThermodynamics is key to understanding and use of energy conversion processes in Nature and technology. Main objective of this course is to give a compact introduction into basics of Thermodynamics: Thermodynamic states and thermodynamic processes; Work and Heat; First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics. Students shall learn how to use energy balance equation in the analysis of power cycles and shall be able to evaluate efficiency of internal combustion engines, gas turbines and steam power plants. The course shall extensively use thermodynamic charts to building up students’ intuition about opportunities and restrictions to increase useful work output of energy conversion. Thermodynamic functions such as entropy, enthalpy and free enthalpy shall be used to understand chemical and phase equilibrium. The course also gives introduction to refrigeration cycles, combustion and refrigeration. The course compactly covers the standard course of thermodynamics for engineers, with additional topics of a general physics interest (nonideal gas equation of state and Joule-Thomson effect) also included.

In the course "Energy Conversion", the competencies of process understanding and system understanding are applied and examined and the competencies process understanding and modeling are taught.
Content1. Thermodynamic systems, states and state variables
2. Properties of substances: Water, air and ideal gas
3. Energy conservation in closed and open systems: work, internal energy, heat and enthalpy
4. Second law of thermodynamics and entropy
5. Energy analysis of steam power cycles
6. Energy analysis of gas power cycles
7. Refrigeration and heat pump cycles
8. Nonideal gas equation of state and Joule-Thomson effect
9. Maximal work and exergy
10. Mixtures
11. Chemical reactions and combustion systems; chemical and phase equilibrium
Lecture notesLecture slides and supplementary documentation will be available online.
LiteratureThermodynamics: An Engineering Approach, by Cengel, Y. A. and Boles, M. A., McGraw Hill
Prerequisites / NoticeThis course is intended for students outside of D-MAVT.

Students are assumed to have an adequate background in calculus, physics, and engineering mechanics.
CompetenciesCompetencies
Subject-specific CompetenciesConcepts and Theoriesassessed
Techniques and Technologiesassessed
Method-specific CompetenciesAnalytical Competenciesassessed
Decision-makingassessed
Media and Digital Technologiesfostered
Problem-solvingassessed
Project Managementfostered
Social CompetenciesCommunicationfostered
Cooperation and Teamworkfostered
Customer Orientationfostered
Leadership and Responsibilityassessed
Self-presentation and Social Influence fostered
Sensitivity to Diversityfostered
Negotiationfostered
Personal CompetenciesAdaptability and Flexibilityfostered
Creative Thinkingassessed
Critical Thinkingassessed
Integrity and Work Ethicsassessed
Self-awareness and Self-reflection fostered
Self-direction and Self-management assessed
151-0221-00LIntroduction to Modeling and Optimization of Sustainable Energy SystemsW4 credits4GG. Sansavini, A. Bardow, S. Moret
AbstractThis course introduces the fundamentals of energy system modeling for the analysis and the optimization of the energy system design and operations.
Learning objectiveAt the end of this course, students will be able to:
- define and quantify the key performance indicators of sustainable energy systems;
- select and apply appropriate models for conversion, storage and transport of energy;
- develop mathematical models for the analysis, design and operations of multi-energy systems and solve them with appropriate mathematical tools;
- select and apply methodologies for the uncertainty analysis on energy systems models;
- apply the acquired knowledge to tackle the challenges of the energy transition.

In the course "Introduction to Modeling and Optimization of Sustainable Energy Systems", the competencies of process understanding, system understanding, modeling, concept development, data analysis & interpretation and measurement methods are taught, applied and examined. Programming is applied.
ContentThe global energy transition; Key performance indicators of sustainable energy systems; Optimization models; Heat integration and heat exchanger networks; Life-cycle assessment; Models for conversion, storage and transport technologies; Multi-energy systems; Design, operations and analysis of energy systems; Uncertainties in energy system modeling.
Lecture notesLecture slides and supplementary documentation will be available online. Reference to appropriate book chapters and scientific papers will be provided.
Excursions of Subject-specific electives
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
102-0000-10LExcursions for Environmental Engineers I Information
No registration through myStudies. The registration for excursions and field courses goes through http://exkursionen.umwelting.ethz.ch/ only.
W1 creditJ. Wang, further lecturers
AbstractHalf-day to one-day excursions as a supplement to the environmental engineering lectures.
Learning objectiveAs a supplement to the environmental engineering-specific lectures, the professorships offer half-day to one-day excursions in various subject areas.
During the excursions, the students deepen the specialist knowledge acquired in the lectures and self-study and establish a link to practice and research.
These excursions are open to all Bachelor's students of Environmental Engineering, depending on availability, and can be assessed with credit points as part of the subject-specific electives.
The excursions are voluntary and should preferably be attended from the 4th semester onwards.
102-0000-20LExcursions for Environmental Engineers II Information
No registration through myStudies. The registration for excursions and field courses goes through http://exkursionen.umwelting.ethz.ch/ only.
W1 creditJ. Wang, further lecturers
AbstractHalf-day to one-day excursions as a supplement to the environmental engineering lectures.
Learning objectiveAs a supplement to the environmental engineering-specific lectures, the professorships offer half-day to one-day excursions in various subject areas.
During the excursions, the students deepen the specialist knowledge acquired in the lectures and self-study and establish a link to practice and research.
These excursions are open to all Bachelor's students of Environmental Engineering, depending on availability, and can be assessed with credit points as part of the subject-specific electives.
The excursions are voluntary and should preferably be attended from the 4th semester onwards.
Electives
The entire course programs of ETH Zurich and the University of Zurich are open to the students to individual selection.
Electives ETH Zurich
» Course Catalogue of ETH Zurich
Science in Perspective
Science in Perspective
» see Science in Perspective: Type A: Enhancement of Reflection Capability
» Recommended Science in Perspective (Type B) for D-BAUG
Language Courses
» see Science in Perspective: Language Courses ETH/UZH
Bachelor's Thesis
NumberTitleTypeECTSHoursLecturers
102-0006-00LBachelor's Thesis Restricted registration - show details O10 credits21DSupervisors
AbstractThe Bachelor Programme concludes with the Bachelor Thesis. This project is supervised by a professor. Writing up the Bachelor Thesis encourages students to show independence and to produce structured work.
Learning objectiveEncourages students to show independence, to produce scientifically structured work and to apply engineering working methods.
ContentThe contents base upon the fundamentals of the Bachelor Programme. Students can choose from different subjects and tasks. The thesis consists of both a written report and an oral presentation.