Timothy Ian Eglinton: Katalogdaten im Frühjahrssemester 2022 |
| Name | Herr Prof. Dr. Timothy Ian Eglinton |
| Lehrgebiet | Biogeowissenschaften |
| Adresse | Geologisches Institut ETH Zürich, NO G 59 Sonneggstrasse 5 8092 Zürich SWITZERLAND |
| Telefon | +41 44 633 92 91 |
| timothy.eglinton@eaps.ethz.ch | |
| Departement | Erd- und Planetenwissenschaften |
| Beziehung | Ordentlicher Professor |
| Nummer | Titel | ECTS | Umfang | Dozierende | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 651-4004-00L | The Global Carbon Cycle - Reduced | 3 KP | 2G | T. I. Eglinton, L. Bröder, J. Hemingway | |
| Kurzbeschreibung | The carbon cycle connects different reservoirs of C, including life on Earth, atmospheric CO2, and economically important geological reserves of C. Much of this C is in reduced (organic) form, and is composed of complex chemical structures that reflect diverse biological activity, processes and transformations. | ||||
| Lernziel | A wealth of information is held within the complex organic molecules, both in the context of the contemporary carbon cycle and its links to is other biogeochemical cycles, as well as in relation to Earth's history, the evolution of life and climate on this planet. In this course we will learn about the role of reduced forms of carbon in the global cycle, how these forms of carbon are produced, move around the planet, and become sequestered in the geological record, and how they can be used to infer biological activity and conditions on this planet in the geologic past. The course encompasses a range of spatial and temporal scales, from molecular to global, and from the contemporary environment to earliest life. | ||||
| Voraussetzungen / Besonderes | This course is good preparation for the combined Field-Lab Course: "651-4044-02 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" and "651-4044-01 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical" | ||||
| 651-4044-01L | Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical Voraussetzung: "Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" (651-4044-02L). Die Teilnahme an den Vorlesungen "Micropalaeontology and Molecular Palaeontology" (651-4044-04L) oder "The Global Carbon Cycle - Reduced" (651-4004-00L) ist nicht obligatorisch, wird jedoch empfohlen. | 2 KP | 2P | T. I. Eglinton | |
| Kurzbeschreibung | 1. Analysis of organic molecules in extracts from soils of different ages in glacial flood fields, in altitudinal gradients from different bedrocks, from sediments, from Cryoconites in glacial ice and from living biofilms in high altitude aquatic ecosystems, and from mineral springs. 2. Analysis of matrix components of the ecosystems: dissolved compounds, minerals, clays, trace metals. | ||||
| Lernziel | The student will be able - to design strategies for collecting samples in the field suitable for subsequent analyses in the laboratory - to critically evaluate his/her own analytical data and put it into a scientific context. | ||||
| Inhalt | 1. Preparing field work based on research hypotheses. 2. Designing field sampling strategies, proper sampling collection and preservation. 3. Documenting environmental conditions and observations at the sampling sites. 4. Extracting organic molecules from environmental samples with different matrixes. 5. Working under clean conditions and handling samples without contaminating them. 6. Discussing the results and documenting the outcomes in a scientific report. This Lab Practical, together with the corresponding Field Trips form part of a continuing "Course Research" unit. During the field section in the Eastern Alps, we will visit a number of sites that offer - different bedrocks (dolomite, gneiss, shale, serpentinite, radiolarite, mine tailings) and will study the organics in the soils that formed on them. - aquatic ecosystems (lakes, rivers, springs) at high altitudes and greatly varying salinities and redox conditions. - glacial ice (organics in Cryoconites and in ice) - organics from pioneering colonizer organisms in lakes formed during the recent retreat of glaciers. - sediments recently deposited in lakes and flood planes as well as shales that date back to the Mesozoic. Procedures for sampling, sample preparation and processing (extraction, analyses) will be defined on the first day of the field course. | ||||
| Skript | Procedures for sampling, extraction and analyses will be designed on a special preparation day during the field trips and later in the course of the lab sessions. | ||||
| Literatur | Field guides and details about the course logistics will become available to enrolled students on OLAT via Details under https://lms.uzh.ch/url/RepositoryEntry/16318464010?guest=true&lang=de | ||||
| Voraussetzungen / Besonderes | The laboratory module (651-4044-01L) takes place as a small research project during the fall semester. Samples collected in the field will be analysed under guidance in the labs of the Biogeosciences Group. The timing of the lab work will be individually adjusted based on the availability of assistants and analytical resources. Students who sign up for both, the field and the lab component, are given priority. There are 10 places available for the project section. The section requires participation on the field trips. It is possible, however, to participate in the field section only without signing up for the project section. At the end of the project section, participants write a report in the style of a scientific paper that contains descriptions of the sampling location, the sample collection and preservation procedures and protocols, description of the analytical methods, the data obtained from analyses of the measured samples and a discussion of the results. Prerequisites: "Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course" (651-4044-02L). The lecture course "651-4004-00L The Carbon Cycle - reduced" is recommended for the project. | ||||
| 651-4044-02L | Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Field Course  Lectures from "Micropalaeontology and Molecular Palaeontology" and "The Global Carbon Cycle - Reduced" are recommended but not mandatory for participation in the field course. Priority is given to D-ERDW students. If space is available UZH Geography and Earth System Sciences students may attend this field course at full cost. No registration through myStudies. The registration for excursions and field courses goes through http://exkursionen.erdw.ethz.ch only. | 2 KP | 4P | T. I. Eglinton, A. Gilli | |
| Kurzbeschreibung | Geochemistry: C-sequestration in glacial flood plains, soil formation on different bedrocks, nutrient scavenging in lakes Geo-Ecology: Geochemical, hydrologic, atmospheric interactions Geo-Microbiology: Pioneering organisms in "new" habitats in glacial retreat areas, their role in carbon cycling. Microbes dissolving/forming minerals Lifestyles: Physiological adaptation to extreme conditions | ||||
| Lernziel | Illustrating basic geological, chemical and geo-biological topics under natural conditions and relating them to past, present and future global environmental conditions in high mountain habitats. Each course participant focuses on a scientific question related to one of the course topics, searches for details in the literature and presents a short summary of his / her course research on the last day of the course. Didactic Approach: Preparation lectures, investigation of field sites, sampling and sample preservation and follow-up analyses for the lab module (651-4044-01L), studying papers, exercises on concept formulation, ecosystem modeling, presentation of field results. The preparation for the fieldwork is designed as a partial distance-learning course via the internet. Field Guides along with other course material can be viewed before the field course. Detailed introduction to the topics takes place during the course week. Students will need to complete a variety of assignments and participate at discussion forums on OLAT before and during the field course. | ||||
| Inhalt | The field course (651-4044-02L) will take place from September 4 to September 9, 2021, in the Biogeoscience Arena Silvretta. It can be followed by a semester project in the laboratory (independent sign-up under 651-4044-01L). Which sites will be visited in the Biogeoscience Arena Silvretta depends on the weather, accessibility in case of early snow, and the time. Selection of topics depending on course focus: 1. Biogeochemical processes in rock weathering and the formation of minerals: Gonzen, former iron mine; Alvaneu, sulfur springs. Chemical and microbially mediated transformation of carbonates and gypsum: Albula valley region. 2. Geomicrobiology and hydrogeochemistry in thermal spring (Tamina gorge, Pfäffers) and cold water mineral springs of the Lower Engadin Window: Highly mineralized spring water emerging from low-grade metamorphic rocks (Bündner shist) by ion exchange processes and release of rock interstitial fluids. 3. Geochemical nutrient sequestration in high mountain lakes and in snow and ice: Joeri lake area (Silvretta gneiss). 4. Coupled processes in biogeochemical iron, manganese, and phosphorus cycling: Jöri lake XIII. 5. Primary processes in soil and peat formation (inorganic to organic transition, carbon sequestration) and microbial colonization: Glacial retreat flood plains, early vegetation on deltas, and moraine soils. 6. Lifestyles under extreme conditions: Microorganisms and small invertebrates in ice (Cryoconite holes, Silvretta glacier), snow, and highly mineralized spring water. 7. Formation and weathering of serpentinite (Totalp), effects on soil formation, and on vegetation. 8. Economic aspects of geo-hydrology: mineral water market, wellness tourism, and geo-medical aspects. (not all sites listed will be visited every year. The topics might vary depending on the course focus and the participants.) | ||||
| Skript | The new field guides and details about the course logistics will become available on OLAT in June via Details under https://lms.uzh.ch/url/RepositoryEntry/16318464010?guest=true&lang=de (The course site will be renewed as soon as all details are available). Participants who are enrolled for this course in the excursion sign-up tool will receive further instructions during the spring semester. | ||||
| Literatur | Lecture slides and literature references are available on the corresponding OLAT site: Details under https://lms.uzh.ch/url/RepositoryEntry/16318464010?guest=true&lang=de | ||||
| Voraussetzungen / Besonderes | Sites visited and course contents can vary from year to year depending on interest, accessibility and weather conditions. Field-work can last up to 8 hours daily and will take place at altitudes up to 3000m. This requires endurance and a certain physical fitness. Participants need to be prepared. Target Groups: Field course and semester project work for the upper level Bachelor curriculum and for Master students. This field course is coupled to a semester project work "651-4044-01 P Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Lab Practical", when samples collected during the field work will be analyzed. Students who sign up for both, the field and the lab component, have priority. It is possible, however, to participate at the field section only. The lecture course "651-4004-00L Organic Geochemistry and the Global Carbon Cycle" is a good preparations for the combined Field-Lab Course. Students registering for the course confirm having read and accepted the terms and conditions for excursions and field courses of D-ERDW https://www.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/erdw/department/dokumente/studium/exkursionen/AGB_ERDW_Exkursionen_en.pdf | ||||
| 651-4044-04L | Micropalaeontology and Molecular Palaeontology | 3 KP | 2G | I. Hernández Almeida, C. De Jonge, T. I. Eglinton, H. Stoll | |
| Kurzbeschreibung | The course aims to provide an introduction to the key micropaleontological and molecular fossils from marine and terrestrial niches, and the use of these fossils for reconstructing environmental and evolutionary changes. | ||||
| Lernziel | The course aims to provide an introduction to the key micropaleontological and molecular fossils from marine and terrestrial niches, and the use of these fossils for reconstructing environmental and evolutionary changes. The course will include laboratory exercises with microscopy training: identification of plantonic foraminifera and the application of transfer functions, identification of calcareous nannoliths and estimation of water column structure and productivity with n-ratio, identification of major calcareous nannofossils for Mesozoic-cenozoic biostratigraphy, Quaternary radiolarian assemblages and estimation of diversity indices. The course will include laboratory exercises on molecular markers include study of chlorin extracts, alkenone and TEX86 distributions and temperature reconstruction, and terrestrial leaf wax characterization, using GC-FID, LC-MS, and spectrophotometry. | ||||
| Inhalt | Micropaleontology and Molecular paleontology 1. Introduction to the domains of life and molecular and mineral fossils. Genomic classifications of domains of life. Biosynthesis and molecular fossils and preservation/degradation. Biomineralization and mineral fossils and preservation/dissolution. Review of stable isotopes in biosynthesis. 2. The planktic niche – primary producers. Resources and challenges of primary production in the marine photic zone – light supply, nutrient supply, water column structure and niche partitioning. Ecological strategies and specialization, bloom succession, diversity and size gradients in the modern ocean. Introduction to principal mineralizing phytoplankton – diatoms, coccolithophores, dynoflagellates, as well as cyanobacteria. Molecular markers including alkenones, long-chain diols and sterols, IP25, pigments, diatom UV-absorbing compounds. Application of fossils and markers as environmental proxies. Long term evolutionary evidence for originations, radiations, and extinctions in microfossils and biomarkers; evolution of size trends in phytoplankton over Cenozoic, geochemical evidence for evolution of carbon concentrating mechanisms. Introduction to nannofossil biostratigraphy. 3. The planktic niche – heterotrophy from bacteria to zooplankton. Resources and challenges of planktic heterotrophy – food supply, oxygen availability, seasonal cycles, seasonal and vertical niche partitioning. Introduction to principal mineralizing zooplankton planktic foraminifera and radiolaria: ecological strategies and specialization, succession, diversity and size gradients in the modern ocean. Morphometry and adaptations for symbiont hosting. Molecular records such as isorenieratene and Crenoarcheota GDGT; the debate of TEX86 temperature production. Long term evolutionary evidence for originations, radiations, and extinctions in microfossils; evolution of size and form, basic biostratigraphy. Molecular evidence of evolution including diversification of sterol/sterine assemblages. 4. The benthic niche – continental margins. Resources and challenges of benthic heterotrophy – food supply, oxygen, turbulence and substrate. Principal mineralizing benthic organisms – benthic foraminifera and ostracods. Benthic habitat gradients (infaunal and epifaunal; shallow to deep margin. Microbial redox ladder in sediments. Molecular markers of methanogenesis and methanotrophy, Anamox markers, pristine/phytane redox indicator. Applications of benthic communities for sea level reconstructions. Major originations and extinctions. 5. The benthic niche in the abyssal ocean. Resources and challenges of deep benthic heterotrophy. Benthic foraminifera, major extinctions and turnover events. Relationship to deep oxygen level and productivity. 6. Terrestrial dry niches -soils and trees. Resources and challenges - impacts of temperature, humidity, CO2 and soil moisture on terrestrial vegetation and microbial reaction and turnover. Introduction to pollen and molecular markers for soil pH, humidity, leaf wax C3-C4 community composition and hydrology. Long term evolution of C4 pathway, markers for angiosperm and gymnosperm evolution. 7. Terrestrial aquatic environments – resources and challenges. Lake systems, seasonal mixing regimes, eutrophication, closed/open systems. Introduction to lacustrine diatoms, chironomids, testate amoeba. Molecular markers in lake/box environments including paleogenomics of communities. | ||||
| Skript | A lab and lecture manual will be distributed at the start of the course and additional material will be available in the course Moodle | ||||
| Literatur | Key references from primary literature will be provided as pdf on the course moodle. | ||||
| Voraussetzungen / Besonderes | Prerequisites: Recall and remember what you learned in introductory chemistry and biology | ||||
| 651-4910-00L | A Geology-Biology-Chemistry Graduate Collective within D-ERDW | 2 KP | 3S | C. Welte, T. I. Eglinton, J. Hemingway, C. Magnabosco | |
| Kurzbeschreibung | The goal of the Collective is to give PhD students the tools and resources that they need to successfully complete their projects and to develop as scientists. The collective will promote close interaction between students, faculty and (external) speakers in a series of workshops and seminars on topics including scientific writing, effective communication and good scientific practice. | ||||
| Lernziel | Students will gain tools and strategies needed to work as scientists as a basis to successfully complete their PhD projects. They will specifically be able to • scientific writing: efficiently manage the writing of scientific texts, be able to structure each section effectively and produce fluent and reader-focused sentences and paragraphs • effective communication: use language in a way that helps them achieve their goals • good scientific practice: discussion of scientific ethics and topics of good scientific practice relevant to earth scientists. Students will have an overview of organizational units available at ETH for different concerns and build up a network with co-students. | ||||
| Inhalt | Scientific writing: Participants produce a number of short texts as homework assignments and receive detailed individual feedback on these during the course. Content and materials deal specifically with the demands of writing in geological research fields. Wherever feasible, elements of participants’ future research articles are developed as assignments within the course. Language of Change: in short sequences of inputs and workshops students will discover basic elements of effective communication and receive concrete tools for its application in their everyday life. In study-buddy groups they can consolidate they knowledge and skills. | ||||
| Voraussetzungen / Besonderes | Students need to be member of one of the following groups: Biogeoscience, Geobiology, Climate Geology, Surface Earth Evolution, Earth Surface Geochemistry | ||||